Kuyeretsa magalasi nthawi zonse kwakhala ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku mu labotale. Pa zotsalira zosiyanasiyana pambuyo pa mayeso, njira zoyeretsera, njira zoyeretsera, ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta odzola nazonso zimasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa oyesa atsopano ambiri kumva mutu.

Ndiye tingatsuke bwanji mabotolo agalasi mwachangu momwe tingathere poganizira za ukhondo?

Choyamba, tiyenera kumvetsetsa mtundu wanji wa magalasi omwe amayeretsedwa?

Chizindikiro cha botolo loyera ndichakuti madzi omwe ali pakhoma lamkati la botolo lagalasi sasonkhana m'madontho amadzi kapena kutsika mumtsinje, kapena kupanga filimu yamadzi yofanana pakhoma lamkati.

Phimbani pamwamba pa chipangizo chagalasi ndi madzi oyera. Ngati madzi oyerawo angapange filimu ndikumamatira pamwamba pagalasi mofanana, ndipo sadzaundana kapena kutsika pansi, ndiye kuti pamwamba pa chipangizo chagalasi ndi poyera.

Kenako padzakhala zochitika ziwiri panthawiyi. Anthu ena amatsuka mabotolo agalasi omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza mpaka atafika pamlingo woyeretsera womwe watchulidwa pamwambapa. Komabe, amafunika kutsukidwa kangapo ndipo zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa. Pankhaniyi, ndi kuwononga ndalama zambiri. Nthawi ndi mphamvu za woyesa.

Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta yotsukira zinthu zomwe zimaonekera pa mabotolo ndi mbale zagalasi. Sizikukhudza ngati mabotolo ndi mbalezo zikukwaniritsa miyezo yoyeretsera. Pankhaniyi, mabotolo ndi mbale zina zosasamba zimatha kuyambitsa zolakwika pakuyesera kotsatira. Zingapangitse ngakhale kulephera kwa kuyesako.

Mkonzi wotsatira alemba mwachidule njira zingapo zoyeretsera mabotolo ndi mbale zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yoyeretsera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndi ntchito yochuluka kungawonekere.

1. Momwe mungatsukire magalasi atsopano: Mabotolo ndi mbale zagalasi zomwe zangogulidwa kumene zimakhala ndi alkali yambiri, kotero ziyenera kuviikidwa mu asidi kwa maola angapo kenako nkuziviika m'madzi osalowerera ndale kwa mphindi zoposa 20. Mukatsuka bwino, gwiritsani ntchito madzi wamba. Tsukani sopo mpaka thovu lisatuluke, kenako tsukani katatu mpaka kasanu, kenako tsukani katatu mpaka kasanu, ndipo pomaliza tsukani katatu mpaka kasanu ndi madzi osungunuka.

2. Momwe mungatsukire mabotolo ndi mbale zagalasi zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito kale:

(1) Machubu oyesera, mbale za petri, ma flask, ma beakers, ndi zina zotero zimatha kutsukidwa ndi burashi ya botolo ndi sopo (ufa wochapira kapena ufa wochotsa kuipitsidwa, ndi zina zotero), kenako nkutsukidwa ndi madzi apampopi. Komabe, ufa wochapira kapena ufa wochotsa kuipitsidwa nthawi zambiri umakhala pakhoma panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito. Tinthu ting'onoting'ono timalumikizidwa pa iyo, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatsukidwa ndi madzi nthawi zoposa 10, kenako n’kuumitsa.

(2) Mbale za petri zokhala ndi zinthu zolimba ziyenera kuchotsedwa musanazitsuke. Mbale zokhala ndi mabakiteriya ziyenera kunyowa mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo kwa maola 24 kapena kuwiritsa kwa maola 0.5 musanazitsuke, kenako zitsukidwe ndi madzi apampopi ndikutsukidwa ndi madzi osungunuka. Kuumitsa kumachitika katatu.

(3) Kuti muyeretse botolo la volumetric, choyamba mulisambitse ndi madzi apampopi kangapo. Madzi akathiridwa, palibe madontho amadzi pakhoma lamkati. Mutha kulisambitsa ndi madzi osungunuka katatu kenako nkusiya pambali. Apo ayi, liyenera kusambitsidwa ndi chromic acid lotion. Kenako tsukani botolo la volumetric ndi choyimitsa ndi madzi apampopi, gwedezani ndikusamba katatu ndi madzi osungunuka mukatha kusamba.

Mkonzi amene ali pamwambayu walemba mabotolo ndi mbale zina zodziwika bwino kapena zosavuta kuyeretsa, ndipo kuyeretsa kwawo kumatenganso nthawi ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Ndiye kodi ma laboratories akuluakulu amathetsa bwanji vutoli? Kapena kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito kuyeretsa pamanja komwe kumatenga nthawi yambiri komanso kofunikira? Inde ayi! Tsopano ma laboratories ambiri akuyamba kugwiritsa ntchitochotsukira magalasi chokha, ndi nthawi yachotsukira magalasi cha labotalem'malo moyeretsa ndi manja kwayamba.

Ndiye kodi mbali zachotsukira magalasi chokhazomwe zingalowe m'malo mwa kuyeretsa ndi manja?

1. Kuchita zinthu zokha zokha mozama kwambiri. Zimangotenga njira ziwiri zokha kuti muyeretse mabotolo ndi mbale: Ikani mabotolo ndi mbale kamodzi kokha kuti muyambe pulogalamu yoyeretsa (ndipo ili ndi mapulogalamu 35 okhazikika komanso mapulogalamu osinthidwa pamanja kuti akwaniritse zosowa za makasitomala ambiri a labotale). Kuchita zinthu zokha kumamasula manja a oyesa.

2. Kuyeretsa bwino kwambiri (Makina Otsukira Labuntchito ya e batch, njira yoyeretsera mobwerezabwereza), kuchuluka kochepa kwa mabotolo (kusintha kosinthika ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi, kutentha kwamkati, ndi zina zotero), kusinthasintha kwakukulu (kogwirizana ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a machubu oyesera, mbale za Petri, ma flasks odzaza, ma flasks ozungulira, masilinda opindika, ndi zina zotero)

3. Chitetezo chapamwamba komanso kudalirika, chitoliro cholowera madzi chomwe chimayikidwa kale chomwe sichimaphulika, kukana kuthamanga ndi kutentha, sichimavuta kukulitsa, ndi valavu yowunikira yoletsa kutuluka kwa madzi, chidacho chimatseka chokha valavu ya solenoid ikalephera.

4. Luntha lapamwamba. Deta yofunika monga kuyendetsa bwino magetsi, TOC, kuchuluka kwa mafuta odzola, ndi zina zotero ikhoza kuperekedwa nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kwa ogwira ntchito oyenerera kuyang'anira ndikudziwa bwino momwe ntchito yoyeretsa ikuyendera ndikulumikiza makinawo kuti asindikize ndikusunga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kutsatira pambuyo pake.