Pakadali pano, mafakitale ambiri amakampani ndi mabungwe aboma ali ndi ma laboratories awoawo. Ndipo ma laboratories awa ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoyesera zoyeserera zomwe zikuchitika tsiku lililonse. N'zotheka kuti kuyesa kulikonse kungapangitse kuchuluka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zoyesera zomwe zatsala zolumikizidwa ku magalasi. Chifukwa chake, kuyeretsa zinthu zotsalira zoyesera kwakhala gawo losapeweka la ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya labotale.

Zikumveka kuti kuti athetse zotsalira za zodetsa zoyeserera mu ziwiya zagalasi, ma laboratories ambiri amafunika kuganizira kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito anthu ndi zinthu zina, koma zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri sizimakhala zokhutiritsa. Ndiye, kodi kuyeretsa zotsalira za zoyeserera mu ziwiya zagalasi kungakhale kotetezeka komanso kothandiza bwanji? Ndipotu, ngati tingathe kupeza njira zotsatirazi zodzitetezera ndikuzigwira bwino, vutoli lidzathetsedwa mwachibadwa.

Choyamba: Ndi zotsalira ziti zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasiyidwa mu magalasi a labotale?

Pa nthawi yoyesera, zinyalala zitatuzi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa, zomwe ndi mpweya woipa, madzi otayira, ndi zinthu zolimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zinthu zotsalira zodetsa zopanda phindu loyesera. Pa magalasi, zotsalira zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi fumbi, mafuta oyeretsera, zinthu zosungunuka m'madzi, ndi zinthu zosasungunuka.

Pakati pawo, zotsalira zosungunuka ndi monga alkali yaulere, utoto, zizindikiro, Na2SO4, NaHSO4 solids, ma trace a ayodini ndi zotsalira zina za organic; zinthu zosasungunuka ndi monga petrolatum, phenolic resin, phenol, mafuta, mafuta odzola, mapuloteni, mabala a magazi, Cell culture medium, zotsalira za fermentation, DNA ndi RNA, ulusi, metal oxide, calcium carbonate, sulfide, siliva mchere, sopo wopangidwa ndi zinthu zina zodetsa. Zinthu zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimamatira kumakoma a magalasi a labotale monga machubu oyesera, ma burette, ma volumetric flasks, ndi ma pipettes.

Sikovuta kupeza kuti makhalidwe ofunikira a zotsalira za magalasi omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kuyesaku akhoza kufotokozedwa motere: 1. Pali mitundu yambiri; 2. Mlingo wa kuipitsidwa ndi wosiyana; 3. Kapangidwe kake ndi kovuta; 4. Ndi poizoni, wowononga, wophulika, wopatsirana ndi zoopsa zina.

Chachiwiri: Kodi zotsatirapo zoyipa za zotsalira zoyesera ndi ziti?

Zinthu zoyipa 1: kuyesa kwalephera. Choyamba, ngati kukonza koyambirira kwa mayeso kukukwaniritsa miyezo kudzakhudza mwachindunji kulondola kwa zotsatira zoyeserera. Masiku ano, mapulojekiti oyesera ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakulondola, kutsata, ndi kutsimikizira zotsatira zoyeserera. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa zotsalira kudzayambitsa zinthu zosokoneza zotsatira zoyeserera, motero sikungakwaniritse bwino cholinga chofufuza zoyeserera.

Zinthu zoyipa 2: zotsalira zoyeserera zili ndi zoopsa zambiri kapena zomwe zingatheke pa thupi la munthu. Makamaka, mankhwala ena oyesedwa ali ndi makhalidwe a mankhwala monga poizoni ndi kusakhazikika, ndipo kusasamala pang'ono kungawononge mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina thanzi la thupi ndi maganizo a anthu omwe akhudzidwa. Makamaka poyeretsa zida zamagalasi, izi sizachilendo.

Zotsatira zoyipa 3: Komanso, ngati zotsalira zoyeserera sizingakonzedwe bwino komanso mokwanira, zidzaipitsa kwambiri malo oyesera, kusintha mpweya ndi madzi kukhala zotsatira zosatha. Ngati ma laboratories ambiri akufuna kukonza vutoli, n'zotheka kuti lidzakhala lotenga nthawi, lovuta komanso lokwera mtengo ... ndipo izi zakula kwambiri kukhala vuto lobisika pa kayendetsedwe ka ma laboratories ndi ntchito zawo.

Chachitatu: Kodi njira zothanirana ndi zotsalira za magalasi zomwe zayesedwa ndi ziti?

Ponena za zotsalira za magalasi a labotale, makampaniwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu makamaka: kutsuka ndi manja, kutsuka pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound, ndi kutsuka makina ochapira pogwiritsa ntchito makina agalasi kuti akwaniritse cholinga choyeretsa. Makhalidwe a njira zitatuzi ndi awa:

Njira 1: Kusamba ndi manja

Kutsuka ndi manja ndiyo njira yaikulu yotsukira ndi kutsuka ndi madzi oyenda. (Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola omwe adakonzedwa kale ndi maburashi a chubu choyesera kuti athandize) Njira yonseyi imafuna kuti oyesera agwiritse ntchito mphamvu zambiri, mphamvu zakuthupi, ndi nthawi kuti akwaniritse cholinga chochotsa zotsalira. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yotsukirayi singathe kulosera momwe zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi zidzagwiritsidwire ntchito. Mu njira yotsuka ndi manja, deta yofunika monga kutentha, kuyendetsa bwino mpweya, ndi pH ndizovuta kwambiri kukwaniritsa kuwongolera kwasayansi komanso kogwira mtima, kulemba, ndi ziwerengero. Ndipo zotsatira zomaliza zotsuka magalasi nthawi zambiri sizingakwaniritse zofunikira za ukhondo wa kuyesaku.

Njira 2: Kuyeretsa kwa akupanga

Kuyeretsa kwa ultrasound kumayikidwa pa magalasi ang'onoang'ono (osati zida zoyezera), monga ma botolo a HPLC. Chifukwa mtundu uwu wa magalasi ndi wovuta kuyeretsa ndi burashi kapena kudzazidwa ndi madzi, kuyeretsa kwa ultrasound kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyeretsa kwa ultrasound kusanayambe, zinthu zosungunuka m'madzi, gawo la zinthu zosasungunuka ndi fumbi m'magalasi ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi, kenako kulowetsedwa sopo wothira, kuyeretsa kwa ultrasound kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphindi 10-30, madzi otsukira ayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi, kenako kuyeretsedwa. Kuyeretsa kwa ultrasound m'madzi kawiri mpaka katatu. Masitepe ambiri mu njirayi amafunika ntchito zamanja.

Tiyenera kutsindika kuti ngati kuyeretsa kwa ultrasound sikuyendetsedwa bwino, padzakhala mwayi waukulu woyambitsa ming'alu ndi kuwonongeka kwa chidebe chagalasi choyeretsedwa.

Njira 3: Chotsukira magalasi chokha

Makina otsukira okha amagwiritsa ntchito makina anzeru owongolera makompyuta, ndi oyenera kutsuka bwino magalasi osiyanasiyana, amathandizira kuyeretsa kosiyanasiyana, ndipo njira yotsukira imakhala yokhazikika ndipo imatha kukopedwa ndipo deta imatha kutsatiridwa. Makina otsukira okha mabotolo samangomasula ofufuza ku ntchito yovuta yotsuka magalasi ndi zoopsa zobisika zachitetezo, komanso amayang'ana kwambiri ntchito zasayansi zofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa amasunga madzi, magetsi komanso ndi obiriwira Kuteteza chilengedwe kwawonjezera phindu lazachuma ku labotale yonse kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito makina otsukira okha mabotolo kumathandiza kwambiri pamlingo wonse wa labotale kuti akwaniritse satifiketi ya GMP \ FDA ndi zofunikira, zomwe zimathandiza pakukula kwa labotale. Mwachidule, makina otsukira okha mabotolo amapewa kusokoneza zolakwika zaumwini, kuti zotsatira zotsukira zikhale zolondola komanso zofanana, ndipo ukhondo wa ziwiya pambuyo poyeretsa ukhale wangwiro komanso wabwino kwambiri!