♦Kuwunikanso mlandu:

Posachedwapa, nkhani yodziwika bwino ya "Kufuna Kugula Mabotolo Otsukira Mabotolo Okwera Mtengo Wapatali" yachititsa kuti anthu ambiri aziganiza. Nkhaniyi ndi iyi:

Wotsukira mabotolo kwakanthawi Mayi Zhou, mkazi, ali ndi zaka zoposa 40. Analembedwa ntchito mu Meyi kwa miyezi yochepa ku labotale yomwe ili ndi kampani yoyesera yachitatu kumpoto kwa China. Mayi Zhou ndi amene amatsuka magalasi monga chubu choyesera, pipette, beaker ndi chikho choyezera mu labotale. Pakutsuka, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala komwe kunatsala mu magalasi, nkhope yake, manja ake ndi ziwalo zina za thupi zinavulala kwambiri. Mlanduwu wavomerezedwa ndi madipatimenti oyenerera.

Mayi Zhou adauza atolankhani kuti njira yoyendetsera mkati mwa labotale yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kumene sinali yangwiro, ndipo sanalandire maphunziro okwanira asanapite kuntchito. Makamaka pochiza mankhwala otsala pambuyo pa kuyesaku, sanadziwitsidwe za kuchuluka kwa zoopsa za ma reagents, zida zodzitetezera ndi njira zodzitetezera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito yotsuka ziwiya mu labotale iyi ndi yolemera kwambiri masiku a sabata, pomwe ukhondo wa magalasi mu labotale ndi wokwera kwambiri. Komabe, zotsatira za kusamba ndi manja nthawi zambiri sizikugwirizana ndi miyezo ya labotale, kotero ndimayenera kugwira ntchito yowonjezera kuti ndigwirenso ntchito. Izi zidzakhala madandaulo osiyana ndi dipatimenti ya antchito yakomweko.

Kudzera mu kuyesedwa kwa kuvulala kwa ductrial, a Mayi Zhou adataya mphamvu zawo zogwira ntchito pang'ono. Malinga ndi izi, ndikupempha labotale kuti ilipire ndalama zothandizira zachipatala, ndalama zogwirira ntchito zomwe zidatayika, ndalama zoyendera, ndi zina zotero, ndalama zokwana ma yuan opitilira 1 miliyoni. Kutsatira nkhaniyi kukupitirirabe.

Ndipotu, pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amawononga thupi la munthu m'ma laboratories. Ngati labotale sichitapo kanthu koyenera polimbana ndi ogwira ntchito ndipo inyalanyaza kuyeretsa ziwiya za labotale, izi zitha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoopsa monga kusokonezeka maganizo, kulumala komanso khansa kwa ogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti timvetsetse bwino za mankhwala oopsa omwe ogwira ntchito ku labotale nthawi zambiri amakumana nawo.

♦Zinthu zophera poizoni zomwe zimapezeka m'ma laboratories

Asidi wa Hydrochloric. Madzi owonekera opanda mtundu. Fungo lake ndi lamphamvu komanso lopweteka. Lili ndi mphamvu zambiri zowononga. Ndipo asidi wa hydrochloric acid wokhuthala (wotulutsa fumbi la hydrochloric acid) ukhoza kuwonongabe utsi wa asidi. Ikhoza kuwononga ziwalo zopumira, maso, khungu ndi matumbo. Tinganene kuti pa minofu ya anthu, komanso kuteteza kuvulala kwa asidi wa hydrochloric mu mawonekedwe a utsi wa asidi. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene asidi wa hydrochloric acid umasakanizidwa ndi ma oxidants (monga bleach sodium hypochlorite kapena potassium permanganate), mpweya wa poizoni wa chlorine umapangidwa.

Formaldehyde. Mu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri ndimamva za "poison wa formaldehyde" wamkati. Mu pulojekiti yozindikira o-phenylphenol, formaldehyde idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsitsa chachilengedwe; Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo loyenda mu kuzindikira kwa kulumikizana kwamadzimadzi kogwira ntchito kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa magwero a ion pogwiritsa ntchito mass spectrometry. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu yolumala pa dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha. Ali ndi zotsatira zapadera pa mitsempha ya optic ndi retina ndipo amachititsa kusintha kwa matenda. Angayambitse metabolic acidosis.

Chloroform (chloroform). Nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsa maso, njira yopumira, khungu ndi mucous nembanemba ya thupi la munthu. Monga khansa, chloroform ndi yoopsa ku chiwindi ndi impso. Valani magolovesi ndi magalasi ndipo gwiritsani ntchito mu chivundikiro cha utsi.

(4) Acetic anhydride. Pofufuza pentachlorophenol m'ma laboratories, acetic anhydride imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati intermediate reactant. Mankhwalawa amawononga khungu, sawononga kwambiri, ndipo amaphatikizika ndi kung'ambika kwakukulu.

(5) Toluene. Mu labotale ya malo oyesera zakudya ndi mankhwala, toluene imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsitsa chachilengedwe chodziwira zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kukhudzana kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse matenda a neurasthenia, hepatomegaly, khungu louma, kusweka, dermatitis, ndi zina zotero. Mpweya wambiri umakhudza kwambiri dongosolo la mitsempha, ndipo kupuma mpweya wambiri kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a m'magazi azikula.

(6) Formic acid: ndi poizoni kwambiri komanso wowononga kwambiri minofu ya mucous, njira yopumira ya m'mwamba, maso ndi khungu. Kupuma, kumeza ndi kuyamwa khungu kungayambitse kuwonongeka.

Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zoyambitsa matenda monga benzoic acid ndi phenylethanol zimakhalanso ndi zinthu zoyambitsa kuyabwa kwambiri. Thupi la munthu likapuma, limayamwa, kuyamwa khungu kumatha kuwononga ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi thupi la munthu.

Poganizira izi, ma reagents oopsa a labotale si okhawo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, kotero kusungidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kuyenera kutsatira malamulo oyenera. Makamaka, ogwira ntchito onse a labotale, kuphatikizapo ogwira ntchito yoyeretsa, ayenera kudziwa kudziteteza ndi kuteteza ena, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yoyambira yovala zida zodzitetezera monga magolovesi ndi magalasi.

Zachidziwikire, sizovuta kupeza kuchokera pankhaniyi kuti kuyeretsa ndi manja kwa ziwiya zoyesera, makamaka ziwiya zagalasi zokhala ndi choletsa poizoni, sikungowopseza chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito ofunikira, komanso kuonjezera mtengo wa labotale, kuyambitsa mikangano yofunikira, komanso kuwononga mbiri ndi chithunzi cha labotale. Chofunika kwambiri, kulondola kwa zotsatira za mayeso sikudzatsimikizika ngati magalasiwo sakwaniritsa miyezo ya ukhondo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe makina ochapira okha ndi zida zina amatchuka kwambiri m'ma laboratories osiyanasiyana.

♦Buku ckutsamira VSChotsukira magalasi cha labotale

Momwe mungayeretsere ndi manja:

Mtengo wa madzi, magetsi ndi antchito wakwera;

Zinthu zambiri zoletsa komanso zosalamulirika;

Zimakhudza kwambiri thanzi la thupi ndi maganizo a munthu;

Hangzhou XChotsukira magalasi cha PZ：

Ukhondo ndi wotsimikizika;

Kuyeretsa koyenera kwanzeru, kosavuta kugwira ntchito;

Kutsata deta yonse ya ndondomeko;

Sungani bwino zinthu za labotale;

Kuyeretsa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pochiza chotsukira cha poizoni chotsalira. Chotsukira mbale cha Lab sichimangoteteza chitetezo ndi thanzi la ogwira ntchito yoyesera kwambiri, komanso chimakwaniritsa cholinga chake choyeretsa modalirika. Kuti labotale ipindule kwa nthawi yayitali, iyenera kukhala yofulumira momwe ingathere kuti mupeze chotsukira magalasi chokhachokha!